On variational principles for polarization responses in electromechanical systems

Classical electrodynamics uses a dielectric constant to describe the polarization response of electromechanical systems changes in an electric field. We generalize that description include wide variety responses field, as found most and applications. Electromechanical can be many physical biological applications, such ion transport membranes, batteries, elastomers. present unified, thermodynamically consistent, variational framework for modeling they respond field; is say, polarize. This motivated developed using classical energetic approach (EnVarA). The coupling between part chemo-mechanical parts system described either by Lagrange multipliers or various energy relaxations. its dielectrics constants appear outputs this analysis. Maxwell equations then become universal conservation laws charge current, conjoined polarization. Polarization describes entire field sometimes approximated dispersion.